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and awareness on tobacco industry tactics to entice people into addiction

Ashford never embraced the term "germ of laziness," perhaps because he associated it with his rival, Stiles, or because he knew well the struggles of the peasants who visited hookworm stations

Two other studies that examined similar non-nicotine e-cigarette comparisons ( n = 249 and n = 140) were of very low certainty.29 , 30 Overall, RCTs27 29 , 31 39 examining benefits for smoking cessation of e-cigarettes suggested that e-cigarettes with nicotine may provide a small to moderate cessation benefit at 6 months follow-up compared with non-nicotine e-cigarettes or no intervention, with behavioural support or NRT access provided in both groups.23 Non-nicotine e-cigarette use may result in a small cessation benefit (Appendix 1).23 There were minor differences in study inclusion criteria and the meta-analyses undertaken between our review and the Cochrane living systematic review on e-cigarettes, likely because our review was focused on primary care settings

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [69].Gritz ER, Carr CR, Marcus AC