These products contain controlled amounts of nicotine, and you gradually decrease the amount you use over time
What happens if you smoke on a plane that prohibits it
Morris Coats, A Note on Estimating Cross-Border Effects of State Cigarette Taxes, National Tax Journal 48:4, (December 1995), 573-584, Mark Stehr, Cigarette tax avoidance and evasion , Journal of Health Economics 24:2, (March 2005), 277-297, [4] Shu Wang, David Merriman, and Frank Chaloupka, Relative Tax Rates, Proximity, and Cigarette Tax Noncompliance: Evidence from a National Sample of Littered Cigarette Packs, Public Finance Review 47:2 (March 2019), 276-311

He also penned a manuscript in 1987 that started with this claim: During the last decade and especially in the last few years scientific evidence has been gradually emerging, and now indicates that smoking may in fact provide a net contribution in the prevention of certain diseases and in extending life expectancy. After reviewing the manuscript, another paid consultant, Peter Lee, wrote a confidential letter to a corporate officer at British-American Tobacco, saying, I think the paper is pretty valueless, partly as it is completely unbalanced, partly as the (many) wild claims made are not substantiated by detailed evidence. A critique by a BAT attorney suggests that the company closely monitored the work of its consultants: It obviously needs to be honed into a first-class scientific paper