The below are general guidelines, and you should always speak with a health care provider as everyones needs will be different
The full adjustments are for age, sex, smoking pack-years, body mass index, household income, alcohol consumption, physical activity, CCI, underlying COPD, and underlying IPF. The authors dont show the raw data, but it is interesting that there were 18,522 cases of lung cancer among ex-smokers and only 71 of them involved people who had switched to vaping
Post-hepatic jaundice is a condition that can result from gallstones, surgical strictures, or pancreatitis
Adolescents who perceived that their parents would allow smoking and those who stated their parents would not allow smoking at home had about 2 times higher prevalence of past 30-day illicit drug use at follow-up compared to adolescents whose parents would not allow smoking at all