Hepatic effects that are considered adverse include death, abnormal clinical chemistry parameters, obvious functional organ impairment, DNA and mitochondrial alteration, glutathione depletion, hepatocyte necrosis, enhanced replicative DNA synthesis, generation of reactive oxygen species, and increased peroxisome proliferation (in rodents) (Williams and Iatropoulos 2002)
This has been suggested as a new treatment for macular degeneration and clinical studies are warranted
For most facial serums, moisturizers, and hair tonics, a concentration of 1% to 3% is the sweet spot
Acetophenone, xanthophylls, fatty acids, alkaloids, GSH, carbohydrate, and lipid biosynthetic pathways were affected