At equivalent doses, tirzepatide produced greater HbA1c reductions and greater weight loss than semaglutide when added to metformin
2021;45(Supplement_1):S113S124
The most frequent gastrointestinal side effects include: Nausea and vomiting : Very common, typically most pronounced during dose escalation Diarrhoea : Common to very common, though usually mild to moderate Constipation : Can occur due to delayed gastric emptying and reduced gut motility Abdominal pain and discomfort : Common Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux : May worsen in susceptible individuals Other important adverse effects include: Gallbladder disorders : Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis have been reported, particularly with weight loss Dehydration and acute kidney injury : May occur secondary to severe gastrointestinal symptoms Hypoglycaemia : Risk increases when used with insulin or sulfonylureas, which may require dose adjustment Current limited evidence does not suggest an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) flares with GLP-1 agonists, though more data are needed
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INP Compound Insights (Layer 47): Using INP ligand mapping, natural compounds like Withanolides (Ashwagandha), Rosavins (Rhodiola), and Bacosides (Brahmi) show affinity toward spinal TRPV1, NMDA, and GABA receptors suggesting neuro-stabilizing potential via intrathecal or nano-formulated delivery
