The absolute amount of lean mass lost is greater with GLP-1 medications primarily because the total weight loss achieved is substantially greater than with diet and exercise alone
[174] An observational study on people with obesity and type 2 diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, semaglutide had about a 42% lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure and all-cause death combined compared with sitagliptin
Several DPP-4 inhibitors with distinct structures have been approved for clinical use, including sitagliptin, alogliptin, linagliptin, gemigliptin, anagliptin, and teneligliptin (22) (Appendix 1 in Supplementary File)
It is also studied for fatigue, exercise performance, heart health, and male fertility, but benefits outside specific medical indications are less consistent