therefore, estradiol cypionate is generally avoided in nursing mothers, particularly during the early postpartum period, unless potential maternal benefits clearly outweigh possible effects on infant growth or hormonal exposure
This limits the dose of drug that can be delivered at one time, requiring that formulations appropriate for intranasal delivery be highly concentrated, soluble and stable to ensure effective dosing within the limited volume
doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11168 [2] Cangul IT, Gul NY, Topal A, Yilmaz R
Direct measurement of nitric oxide (NO) presents challenges due to its extremely short half-life in the bloodstream, typically disappearing within seconds, and its involvement in various biochemical reactions within living organisms (123, 124)