Chronic inflammation can contribute to many health conditions, and obesity is a leading cause of chronic inflammation. Muskiet explained that the GLP-1 therapies may have various effects independent of weight loss
also known as myostatin) and activin A (ActA) are the two major ligands mediating the muscle-minimization actions of ActRIIA/B receptors 22,26,27,28,29,30
Importantly, GLP-1 injection into the ARC was shown to decrease the activity of agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons and their strong orexigenic effect and to activate the pro-opiomelanincortin (POMC) neurons, which are prominent in satiety via melanocortin pathways [50,55,56]
Weight loss during this period is often modest, perhaps 1 to 3 pounds, because the dose is below the threshold where all three receptors are fully engaged