glp-1 agonists side effects Gastrointestinal (GI) of Receptor —Semaglutide —Liraglutide —Dulaglutide GLP-1 agonist medications (like Ozempic

Methods We could perform only a half exchange of TPE for the first two sessions because of the patients request to stop due to his need to use the restroom

However, reduced dietary intake due to appetite suppression and gastrointestinal side effects may indirectly increase deficiency risk, particularly if consumption of B12-rich animal products decreases significantly

Specific clinical scenarios where injections are the standard of care include pernicious anemia, severe malabsorption syndromes, post-bariatric surgery when oral supplementation has failed, and critically low serum B12 levels accompanied by neurological deterioration

Guenther UP, Weinberg DE, Zubradt MM, Tedeschi FA, Stawicki BN, Zagore LL, et al