These findings provide a logical means by which peptideantibody conjugates can trigger changes in brain activity
They framed the gutbrain axis as a dynamic bidirectional signaling network whose dysregulation underlies a broad spectrum of neurogastrointestinal diseases, positioning EVs as key mediators of intercellular communication and promising non-invasive biomarkers Derived from both host and microbial cells, EVs carry bioactive cargo, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites, that reflects the physiological or pathological state of their origin and can traverse biological barriers such as the bloodbrain barrier
Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal discomfort, headache, fatigue, and injectionsite reactions