Mitochondrial glutamate generated via these catabolic pathways can be exported from mitochondria to the cytosol through the SLC25A18 and SLC25A22 transporters 21 , and cytosolic glutamate then participates in the biosynthesis of glutathionea tripeptide comprising glutamate, cysteine, and glycineand NEAAs (alanine, proline, aspartate, asparagine, and arginine) and is used as an exchange factor for importing extracellular cystine via SLC7A11
Diabetes Obes Metab 25(7):18551864
453,454 As an E3 ubiquitin ligase, PARKIN functions in a wide range of cellular processes associated with PD
These micelles, upon visible light activation, formed cross-linked cores that exhibited enhanced in vivo stability and prolonged blood circulation, ultimately leading to greater tumor accumulation