Gene expression on BDNF and SK-3 was quantified using real-time PCR, revealing that VPA reduced the expression BDNF, which plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival, and increased GSK-3, which is involved in neurodevelopment and neuroinflammation whereas crocin dose-dependently normalized both markers (Hosseini et al., 2025)
Focus on foods rich in B12 even though you have the methylcobalamin supplement: eggs, fish, poultry, dairy, and fortified foods provide additional B12 through dietary pathways that, while impaired, are not completely shut down
While increased ROS production can also be detrimental to the plant, at subtoxic doses, sulforaphane also activates the plants host defense mechanisms by inducing expression of stress response genes, such as heat shock proteins (Ferber et al., 2020)
We will compare the mean Bayley-III scores (scores on the cognitive, language and motor subscale scores, with the language scale analysed both separately for receptive and expressive language and as a composite measure, and the motor scale analysed both separately for fine and gross motor development and as a composite measure) between the vitamin B 12 group and the placebo group
