3.1.7 Genistein (genistein/strongylisoflavone, GST) GST is a phytoestrogen found in large quantities in soybeans, GST increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes and decreases the levels of oxidant parameters, preventing cisplatin ototoxicity ( 3.1.8 Formononetin (FMNT) FMNT is a natural flavonoid found in large quantities in herbs such as Angelica sinensis and Astragalus membranaceus.FMNT reduces ROS overload by activating the PI3K/AKT-Nrf2 signalling pathway and its downstream antioxidant genes, decreases the c-caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio ( 3.1.9 Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin EGCG, a polyphenol abundant in green tea extract, is a STAT1 inhibitor.EGCG prevents cisplatin cytotoxicity through anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects ( in vitro and ex vivo (Xie et al., 2004).EGCG acts through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling in cochlear NSCs to promote cell growth and neuronal differentiation, which can be used for the treatment of hearing loss (Zhang et al., 2016), and has an important protective mechanism against cochlear oxidative damage

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