40,41 A study using nationwide registers in Nordic countries showed that with an additional adjustment for laboratory results (glycated hemoglobin, albuminuria, eGFR), there was no difference in the risk of AF between SGLT2i users and GLP-1RA users in Swedish cohort (HR=0.90 [95% CI: 0.79 to 1.01]) and in Danish cohort (HR=0.92 [95% CI: 0.79 to 1.08])
Contraindications: Patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) should not use this drug
In contrast, insulin primarily affects fasting glucose levels with minimal influence on post meal glucose levels and no relation to gastric emptying ( The improved regulation of glycemia by GLP-1RA, along with their ability to reduce lipid synthesis, enhanced beta oxidation of free fatty acids and autophagy of fat cells contributes to their lipid modulation properties ( Oral semaglutide has been found to improve fasting blood glucose levels in a trial conducted over a 12 week period with improved levels of triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low- density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48) and no change in high density lipoprotein (HDL) ( 4.5 Musculoskeletal effects T2DM raises the risk of fractures, poor bone repair, and other factors that lead to brittle bones (69)
Habit stacking, where you attach the dose to an existing daily habit like making coffee, works particularly well
