There was more hypoglycemia and weight gain (+1.1 kg) in the glipizide group, whereas the sitagliptin group had weight loss (-1.5 kg)
We critically evaluate clinical evidence across major liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and autoimmune hepatitis, while highlighting heterogeneity in study designs, geographical concentration of evidence, and the predominance of positive findings that may reflect publication bias
Intranasal peptide delivery is highly dependent on administration technique, nasal anatomy, and post-dose head positioning, which introduces variability not present with subcutaneous protocols
Mikulska J, Juszczyk G, Gawroska-Grzywacz M, Herbet M