1 This rise may be related to the growing incidence of comorbidities, such as hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), AF and obstructive sleep apnoea
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 12.Okoye A.A., Picker L.J
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1744308 Received 11 November 2025 Revised 04 April 2026 Accepted 13 April 2026 Published 28 April 2026 Volume 17 - 2026 Edited by Francesco Caso, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Reviewed by Piero Ruscitti, University of LAquila, Italy Silvia Scriffignano, Fondazione Istituto G.Giglio, Italy Updates Copyright 2026 Ciancio, Maranini, Sandri, Amati, Bortoluzzi, Silvagni, Govoni and Giuggioli
For constipation, the most common long-term GI side effect, a fiber supplement combined with increased water intake is the most effective approach