Unlike classical inflammation (characterized by heat, redness, and pain), neuroinflammation primarily involves the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., cytokines, chemokines, and ROS) by resident immune cells, particularly microglia, the CNSs innate immune effectors [110, 111]
PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) The Mitochondrial Booster With a molecular weight of 330.2 g/mol and the chemical formula C14H6N2O8, PQQ is a new molecule that has attracted much interest in the field of mitochondrial health
The Pivot To solve this biological barrier, advanced manufacturing has shifted toward phospholipid encapsulation technology
These interventions, ranging from pharmacological methods to dietary regulation, are expected to improve the quality of life of older adults and alleviate social challenges associated with population aging