Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Frederich R, Wiviott SD, Hoffman EB, Cavender MA, Udell JA, Desai NR, Mosenzon O, McGuire DK, Ray KK, Leiter LA, Raz I, Committee S-TS, and Investigators
A meta-analysis in Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports confirmed that energy deficiency impairs resistance training gains in lean mass, and that individuals performing resistance training to preserve lean mass during weight loss should avoid energy deficits greater than 500 kcal/day (Murphy & Koehler, Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2022)
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GLP-1 receptor agonists are large protein molecules exceeding 3,000 Daltons in molecular weight, far above the 500 Dalton threshold for effective passive skin penetration