Obtain a sharps bin via your GP, pharmacy or local council and return when full as instructed Important safety considerations include never injecting into areas with active skin conditions, inflammation, or infection
Compounds such as berberine, curcumin, and cinnamon have shown promise in increasing GLP-1 expression and secretion in early studies (PubMed)
Antibodies and reagents The anti--actin (cat#3700), anti--tubulin (cat#3873), anti-SLC7A11 (cat#12691), anti-ER (cat#13258), phospho-Tyr-100 (cat#9411), and phospho-ERK (Thr202/Tyr204) (cat#4370) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA)
The results were expressed as mean standard error and statistical analysis was performed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Bonferroni post-test for multiple comparisons