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Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (2005) 204(3):26373

Salvage Pathway (dominant in most tissues): From nicotinamide (NAM) the breakdown product of NAD+ consumption by PARP, sirtuins, and CD38 via NAMPT (the rate-limiting enzyme) to NMN, then to NAD+ via NMNAT enzymes (NMNAT1 in nucleus, NMNAT2 in cytoplasm, NMNAT3 in mitochondria)