Modern studies have reported that Ganoderma polysaccharides, as its core active metabolites, can exert antioxidant and neuroprotective effects by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress ( in vivo experimental study based on rat HH test model has reported that the aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum can improve neurotransmitter levels in HH animal models, prevent the surge of glucocorticoids and -synuclein, induce the upregulation of CREB/p-CREB/BDNF expression through ERK1/ERK2 to improve synaptic plasticity, and maintain redox homeostasis, to improve HH-related spatial memory deficits and neuronal damage ( Ganoderma lucidum and its active metabolites, through multi-dimensional regulation of neurotransmitter networks, oxidative stress responses, and synaptic remodeling, may provide a potential intervention strategy for HACE-induced cognitive dysfunction and brain tissue damage

In addition, histidine deficiency could inhibit antioxidant capacity in largemouth bass intestines and induce gut endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis 35
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